first pass effectの例文

• Drugs with high first pass effect have a considerably higher oral dose than sublingual or parenteral dose.
• The four primary systems that affect the first pass effect of a drug are the lumen, gut wall enzymes, bacterial enzymes, and hepatic enzymes.
• This approach reduces the risk of pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis by avoiding the first pass effect on the liver that is induced by oral estrogen therapy.
• Furthermore, after absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, such drugs must pass to the liver, where they may be extensively altered; this is known as the first pass effect of drug metabolism.
• Medications delivered to the distal one-third of the rectum at least partially avoid the " first pass effect " through the liver, which allows for greater bio-availability of many medications than that of the oral route.
• For both cell lines, direct injection or placement of cells into a site in need of repair may be the preferred method of treatment, as vascular delivery suffers from a " pulmonary first pass effect " where intravenous injected cells are sequestered in the lungs.